1. Restart your computer
On a computer that has not been shut down for weeks, memory fills up and background processes pile up. Choosing "Restart" instead of "Shut down" is the fastest first step. If Fast Startup is turned on in Windows, only a restart gives you a full refresh.
2. See what is slowing it down
Press Ctrl + Shift + Esc to open Task Manager. On the "Processes" tab, click the Memory and Disk columns to sort them. If a program you are not using is hogging most of the resources, select it and click "End task".
3. Cut down on startup programs
In Task Manager, go to the "Startup apps" tab. Right-click programs with a high "Startup impact" that you do not need every day and choose "Disable". The programs are not deleted; they just no longer launch with your computer.
4. Free up disk space
Windows slows down when the system drive is almost full. Go to Settings > System > Storage, clean up "Temporary files" and turn on "Storage Sense". Remove programs you no longer use from Settings > Apps. Try to keep at least 15% of the drive free.
5. Finish pending updates
Install any waiting updates from Settings > Windows Update. Half-finished updates can keep running in the background and wear the computer down.
6. Run a virus scan
Open Windows Security and start a "Quick scan". Browser extensions you do not recognize, pop-up ads that open on their own and a changed homepage can all be signs of malware.
Be careful: ads that say "Your computer is slow, clean it now" usually push fake programs. Use only Windows' built-in tools or software from companies you know.
7. Review your hardware
If your computer is more than 5-6 years old and still uses a hard disk drive (HDD), switching to an SSD is the most effective upgrade you can make. If you have 4 GB of memory, going up to 8 GB also makes a difference.
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